Water purification membranes are thin, selective barriers used in filtration processes to remove contaminants from water. These membranes work through various mechanisms, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, depending on the size of particles they target. They are effective at removing impurities like bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and salts, making water safe for drinking, industrial use, or wastewater treatment. Membranes are widely used because of their efficiency, energy savings, and ability to purify water without the need for chemicals.
